盐腐蚀结构养护技术浅析

结合工程实例,分析了盐腐蚀砼结构病害的防治技术。     

价值工程在低碳建筑节能减排中的应用

文章结合价值工程在低碳建筑中的应用瓶颈及Dell Isola专家对价值工程的改进,引入建筑碳排放指数,推出应用于低碳建筑的低碳价值工程,并具体阐述了碳排放指数的计算方法。通过对低碳建筑的详细功能分析,文章继而介绍了采用AHP层次分析法计算价值系数的应用步骤,最终选择出满足功能良好、成本合适、碳排放量最少的方案,实现低碳作用。     

农地养护法律制度研究

本文旨在通过研究农地养护的法律制度,为维护和改善我国农地质量、确保粮食安全提供强有力的法制保障。主要运用实证研究方法和规范研究方法。研究认为法律制度对农地质量保护有着重要意义,但我国关于农地养护的现行立法在组织制度、经济激励制度、法律责任制度等方面还存在一些许多问题,影响了我国农地养护的实施效果。文章认为应进一步加强对相关制度的研究并提出了一些立法完善的思路。     

Agriculture and economic growth in Ethiopia: growth multipliers from a four-sector simulation model

Agriculture accounts for over half of Ethiopian GDP, yet 'he case for agriculture as a focus of economic growth strategies must rely on identifying a set of intersectoral linkages through which agricultural growth contributes to the growth of nonagriculture in the Ethiopian economy. This article develops a four-sector numerical simulation model of economic growth in Ethiopia which permits the calculation of macroeconomic growth multipliers resulting from income shocks to agriculture, services, modern industry, and traditional industry. The resulting growth multipliers are 1.54 for agriculture. 1.80 for services, 1.34 for modern industry, and 1.22 for traditional industry. These results depict an economy in which intersectoral linkages operate on a highly uneven basis. These limits are reflected in the wide disparity between sectoral growth multipliers and by substantial differences in the patterns ol their decomposition. The policy relevance of these findings relate, in part, to the distributional implications of growth in particular sectors. Poverty in Ethiopia is disproportionately rural. An income shock to agriculture is clearly the most progressive choice, indicating the need to highlight agricultural development in growth strategies for Ethiopia. Yet, the simulation results further indicate that doing so imposes relatively little trade off against total benefit. While a $1 service sector income shock generates $0.80 in indirect benefits, a $1 agricultural income shock still generates $0.54 in indirect gains-a somewhat smaller benelit, but one likely to make the greatest possible impact on poverty reduction.     

Impacts of Low-Cost Land Certification on Investment and Productivity

New land reforms are again high on the policy agenda and low-cost, propoor reforms are being tested in poor countries. This article assesses the investment and productivity impacts of the recent low-cost land certification implemented in the Tigray region of Ethiopia, using a unique household and farm-plot-level panel data set, with data from before and up to eight years after the reform. Alternative econometric methods were used to test and control for endogeneity of certification and for unobserved household heterogeneity. Significant positive impacts were found, including effects on the maintenance of soil conservation structures, investment in trees, and land productivity.     

Nature conservation for future sustainable shorelines: Lessons from seeking to involve the public

The soft coastline of eastern England is dynamic, with much of it subject to the risk of erosion or flooding. A number of internationally important coastal nature conservation sites are under threat. This paper explores the character and reasoning behind changing coastal management policies and governance practices in England. It reveals how Natural England is tackling these changes, notably with regard to establishing reconstituted nature conservation sites and re-designed coastlines. Such an approach requires the close involvement of policy leaders, agency officers, local maritime authorities and local residents. This paper explains how participatory processes play a critical role in the design of new coastlines that are ecologically and geomorphologically sustainable yet enable local communities to survive and flourish. A case study involving a visioning exercise at Winterton-on-Sea in Norfolk, UK, highlights the many practical difficulties around planning for the uncertain future of internationally important nature conservation sites, and local economies and communities. Future moves toward sustainable coastal alignments will have to involve a wide mix of public and civic bodies, as well as local communities, and will be underpinned by risk-based planning and well-researched adaptation and relocation arrangements.     

Slippage Effects of the Conservation Reserve Program

Each year, billions of dollars of public funds are expended to purchase conservation easements on farmland. One unintended impact of these programs is that they may bring non-cropland into crop production. Such a slippage effect can be caused by increased output prices and by substitution effects. This article shows that for each one hundred acres of cropland retired under the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in the central United States, twenty acres of non-cropland were converted to cropland, offsetting 9 and 14% of CRP water and wind erosion reduction benefits, respectively. Implications of these results for the design of conservation programs are discussed.     

安徽省生物多样性的保护

安徽省地处亚热带与暖温带的过渡区，是多种动植物区系成分的交汇之地。境内生物丰富，珍稀涉危物种比较多，在分析安徽省物种多样性主要特征地基础上，着重探讨了生物多样性保护的对策问题。     

节能型围护结构的设计与应用

节约能源是我国的基本国策,建筑节能则是国家节能工作的重中之重。文章论述了建筑节能的原理,从节能角度分析了建筑设计须重视的若干问题,并重点分析了屋面与墙体等外围护结构中主要的节能技术应用。     

对青海“生态立省”发展战略的思考

青海生态立省战略的实施是保护与建设高原生态系统的重要举措,不仅关系到高原的经济社会可持续发展,更关系到全国的生态安全。通过对生态立省内涵的认识,提出了生态立法、生态保护、生态建设、生态经济和生态文化具体做法和建议。